Diffusion Essay -- essays research papers

Lab Report 1 scatteringIntroductionThe human body undergoes a variety of processes throughout each and every day in order to sustain life. Tasks such as walking, breathing, and digesting what has been eaten are some(prenominal)times considered mundane, even taken for granted. One such process that is necessary to maintain life is diffusion. Diffusion is a key factor in moving ions, fuels, and other molecules into and out of the blood. It is one of the most important components in supplying oxygen to the alveoli and removing carbon dioxide. Without diffusion, substances would aline it very difficult to pass through membranes and could cause detrimental effects to the human body. The paradox scientists have drawn is related to glucose molecules and the directions in which the molecules admit to move. No single molecule should diffuse in any particular fashion, but should diffuse randomly. This report qualitys at quaternity simulations attempting to solve the problem presented, h ow do the molecules know which way to diffuse? In order to understand the obtained research, it is necessary to present and identify the key components of Ficks Law of Diffusion F = -D * A*dC/dx F = the flow of material across a real or imaginary planeD = the diffusivity of the diffusing molecules(the ease in which the molecule diffuses in the surrounding medium)A= area of the planeC= concentration of the molecules X= distancedC/dx = the concentration gradientThere will be four simulations conducted in order to apply Ficks Law and determine if molecules do in fact know which way to diffuse. The first simulation will look at a single molecule in an open area, the second looks at the movement of several molecules, the third looks at molecules diffusing in a ... ...te the change in concentration with respect to the change in distance. In Simulation 4 we have two chambers connected with a pipe. equal simulation 2, the concentration of molecules across the whole system at equilibrium i s equally distributed. If the dimensions of the pipe were small and narrow, only a small percentage of the molecules will be contained in the pipe at equilibrium. The flow of molecules to the right chamber would decrease. The calculation of the target of approach to equilibrium in simulation 2 cannot be applied here because we have a pipe of a different volume that alters the flow.As the figure above depicts, the rate of approach to equilibrium ontogenesis as the diameter of the pipe increases. However the rate of approach will not increase infinitely but will plateau as some point because the diameter of the pipe can only be so large to connect the boxes. Accordingly, increasing the length of the pipe will slower the rate of approach to equilibrium because the molecules will have to travel a greater distance. ReferencesDiffusion- Simulation of randomly moving particles WebCT. Drexel University. April 2005

Memory, Aging, and the I-function Essay -- Biology Essays Research Pap

Memory, Aging, and the I-function Folk wisdom has long noted that as individuals age, they experience decline in memory performance such that many put up cognitive decline and even senility as normal affects of aging, along with graying hair and wrinkled skin. The effects of sentence on the brain in domain is more complex than simple gradual decay until one shuffles off the mortal coil, as it were. The implications of memory loss, and cases in which cognitive function does not decline, has implications for our taking into custody of how memory works in general, the treatment of debilitating diseases such as Alzheimers Disease, and for the role of the I-function in learning and recollection. Memory, in general, can be broken trim into different forms, beingness divided according to the functions it serves and the duration for which it holds. Neurobiologically, to qualify as a memory, an input must both cause enduring changes in the spooky system, and be affected by emotional an d motivational sets (1).What is meant in that description is that a memory has to have some root in the brain, must realise some change so that the nervous system undergoes some physical change in addition to the ontological change brought about by being in the class of things affected by the input, and must, in turn, affect other forms of behavior. No memories atomic number 18 ever neutral from a behavioral standpoint. The main practicable division among memories is between so-called declarative and procedural memories. The former consists of what are termed episodic or semantic memories. Declarative memories are formed by events, and are brought back in specific contexts and with distinct meanings. Procedural Memories, on the other hand, include cla... ...rapha.htm11) Atrophy of CA1 hippocampal synapses in aging adults , http//www.centraal.nl/12) Geary, James. Should we just say no to skilful drugs? Time 5 May 1997., http//www.time.com/time/magazine/1997/int/970505/science.sh ould_we_jus.html13) Bachman, Laura. Aging and Intellectual perfromance among educated older adults , http//callisto.gcsu.edu/JNBS/article1-2.html14)This paper reflects the research and thoughts of a student at the time the paper was written for a course at Bryn Mawr College. Like other materials on Serendip, it is not intended to be authoritative but rather to armed service others further develop their own explorations. Web links were active as of the time the paper was posted but are not updated. Contribute Thoughts try Serendip for Other Papers Serendip Home Page http//serendip.brynmawr.edu/cgi-bin/comments

William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Essay -- William Shakespeare Ro

William Shakespe ars Romeo and JulietAlthough the story of Romeo and Juliet is over 500 years old, it is as pertinent and appealing today as it was when first performed.Although dated, the story of Romeo and Juliet nonetheless holds great appeal and relevance to todays society, despite the differences in morals and set between William Shakespeares audience 500 years ago, and Baz Luhrmanns audience today. The arising issues of order and authority, fate and love entertain/ed and appeals/ed to both viewers in different ways.Shakespeares original play, Romeo and Juliet reflected the important Elizabethan concerns in relation to authority, law and order, making it relevant to the audiences morals and values of the time, as well appealing and entertaining.Shakespeare explored the consequences of order breaking down in society, show through many characters disobediences, with the result of chaos and ultimate consequence be the deaths of Romeo and Juliet. each(prenominal) characters were disobedient in some way, including Romeo and Juliet themselves. For instance, they both deceived their parents by getting married, Romeo killed Tybalt and Juliet faked death. early(a) characters, such as Tybalt, Mercutio, Montague and Capulet boys, went against the orders of the Prince by continuing violent actions in the city of Verona. The Friar and the Nurse are also guilty because they aided the young lovers all-fired actions - their meetings and marriage.Shakespeare offers the simple solution to this chaos as being obedient by respecting authority, law and order, being responsible with power as well as to be punished for their sins. This punishment is ultimately seen at the end of the play following the deaths of Romeo and Juliet. All characters have been hurt by this, hence being punished for their disobediences All are punished the Prince.In this sense, Shakespeares play sets morals for the Elizabethan era, displaying the results of disobedience, violence and chaos.Luhrma nns modern appropriation of the play also deals with authority, law and order, yet instead of setting morals and offering solutions, it is relevant in that it displays a different viewpoint on modern society. He displays the world as being hectic and very fast, focused mainly on wealth and power, having lost sight of true values such as love, compassion and moral t... ... continuous, hardly particularly apparent in the use of water as a symbol of purity and harmony. During the balcony scene, the water plays a major role in the fellowship between the lovers. It is a symbol of their unity and reciprocated love.This symbol of peace and harmony is then tainted by the death of Tybalt as he falls into a pond after being killed by Romeo. This scene also uses sequences of flashbacks to Romeo and Juliet in the pool, memories of the purity and cleanliness of Romeos conscience.It is then non-existent in the scenes of Romeo in the very dry, baron landscapes of Mantua. This symbolises the bo lshie of his true love, and also any peace and harmony he knew before being banished.Other romantic symbolism in the film includes the extreme close-up shots of Romeo and Juliet when they are together, for example, in the tomb, repeated shots of the wedding ring a physical symbol of their love.Together, Shakespeares original play and Baz Luhrmanns modern appropriation is a relevant and appealing insight into the Elizabethan era as well as modern society. By comparing the two, it is made obvious the changes and differences in morals and values over 500 years.

Gender Communication in a Relationship Essay -- essays research papers

In A Relationship you needGendered Communication wiz of the most important topics in communications is gender communications and that is why I decided to write close it. Gender communication is communication about and between women and men. It is the most important thing to almost everyone in the world. I learned about gender communication in a class croak year with Naaeke and I think it is really important to have if any ones wants to have a good race with someone and everyone usually wants to build in that location life through a descent between a man and a women. To start off a relationship the two in the relationship have to have good communication with each new(prenominal). The different kinds of communication are linear, interactive, and transactional. Linear communication is a one counseling conversation. One soulfulness takes it over and talks the totally time and the other sits a lis tens. This could be both a good and bad thing. If the two are both talkers and id entical to take over the conversation they wont be good because both are spill to want to talk and not listen. Another panache to make it bad is if a person doesnt like a talker then they wont like someone talking the whole time. The way it is good is when one dont like to talk and the other does. Interactive is what you bear call the nice or polite way of talking to each other. This is the way most conversations between two people on a first date. One listens to the other talk, then they talk and the other listens to them. This way is good because it could make you look polite and it could make you look like that you are really interested in what the other person is saying. You can really get to crawl in a lot about each other this way as well. The way it is bad is if the person that yo... ...nship and the time our relationship was great was when we had good communication. And because of our good relationship I know that she wants to marry me and I want to marry her and we kno w it give happen one of these days. We will get married and start a family but with out great communication we probably wouldnt know or be with each other today.The point that I am trying to make is that if two people dont have communication in their relationship it isnt going to work or if it does work the relationship is going to suck. To be able to have a good relationship with some one you have to know what they like and what they dont like. If you dont know that you really dont know them for who they are and nine times out of ten its going to fail. So good communication equals a good strong relationship and bad communication would equal a bad or boring relationship.

President Truman and his Policies Essay -- American Government, Polit

By the end of World War II, the United States seems as by far the worlds most ultimate power. The country has worlds most powerful navy and air force at that period of time. United States proves that it can allure the rest of the world to future in terms of inter rural areaal cooperation, expanding democracy, and ever-increasing living standards. New institutions such as United States and World Bank are erect a few examples that promote this argument. However, the only power that could rival the United States was Soviet Union, whose armies now occupied most of Eastern Europe, including eastern part of Germany. However, at the end of World War II and beginning of the Cold War U.S as a worlds superior power has a grand president named Harry S. Truman (1945-1953). An undistinguished senator from Missouri, who never expected to become president until Democratic Party leaders chose him to replace Henry Wallace as Roosevelts path mate in 1994. During his organization, he took man y challenges and stood out successfully in most of them. His strongest argument was for the defense of freedom he did his best during his whole presidency to protect the civil rights of every citizen for his nation. He took his office at that time, when America was facing already 2 great wars and all people are timeworn of wars. However, the Cold War took the place at the end of World War II, where all nations are scared to fights because of their own found deadly weapon. The president forever and a day wants peacetime and tries to deal his best with the help of his foreign policies. Though, he wants to stand his nation as the strongest and powerful compare to their rival Soviet Union. During his presidency, Truman as the President did what was demand and best for thi... ...onomic reason which was practiced against many of our minority groups (Doc. 153 248). Truman also clarifies that minority groups were not only victims of economic excess its impact was felt by entire populat ion (Doc. 153 248). Furthermore, we cannot escape the fact that our civil rights record had been an issue in world politics (Doc. 153 248). Truman evoked that our foreign policy was designed to make our nation enormous, positive influence for peace and progress throughout the world (Doc. 153 248). Moreover, we were believed that the free way of our life holds counter of hope for all people (Doc. 153 248). President believes that it was our promise to keep that promise. For that reason, Trumans focus on civil rights formed apart of strategy to win reelection in 1948 (Forner, Ch.23 857).

President Truman and his Policies Essay -- American Government, Polit

By the end of initiation War II, the United States seems as by far the worlds most ultimate power. The country has worlds most powerful navy and air force at that occlusive of time. United States proves that it can lead the rest of the world to future in terms of international cooperation, expanding democracy, and ever-increasing living standards. New institutions such as United States and World Bank are just a few examples that promote this argument. However, the only power that could rival the United States was Soviet Union, whose armies now occupied most of easterly Europe, including eastern part of Germany. However, at the end of World War II and beginning of the Cold War U.S as a worlds overlord power has a great president named Harry S. Truman (1945-1953). An undistinguished senator from Missouri, who never expected to become president until Democratic Party leaders chose him to replace heat content W every(prenominal)ace as Roosevelts running mate in 1994. During his presidency, he took many ch each(prenominal)enges and stood out successfully in most of them. His strongest argument was for the defense of freedom he did his best during his entire presidency to protect the civil rights of every citizen for his nation. He took his office at that time, when America was facing already 2 great wars and all people are tired of wars. However, the Cold War took the place at the end of World War II, where all nations are scared to fights because of their own order deadly weapon. The president always wants peacetime and tries to deal his best with the help of his foreign policies. Though, he wants to stand his nation as the strongest and powerful compare to their rival Soviet Union. During his presidency, Truman as the President did what was necessary and best for thi... ...onomic reason which was practiced against many of our minority groups (Doc. 153 248). Truman also clarifies that minority groups were not only victims of economic excess its conflict was felt by entire population (Doc. 153 248). Furthermore, we cannot escape the fact that our civil rights record had been an issue in world politics (Doc. 153 248). Truman evoked that our foreign indemnity was designed to make our nation enormous, positive influence for peace and progress throughout the world (Doc. 153 248). Moreover, we were believed that the free way of our life holds promise of hope for all people (Doc. 153 248). President believes that it was our promise to keep that promise. For that reason, Trumans focus on civil rights formed apart of strategy to win reelection in 1948 (Forner, Ch.23 857).

Reporn on Marketing Statigy

Introduction Unilever is a multi-national corporation, formed of Anglo-Dutch p atomic number 18ntage that owns many of the human races consumer product blades in foods, beverages, cleaning agents and person-to-person flush products. Unilever employs nearly 180,000 citizenry and had worldwide revenue of al intimately 40 star million million in 2005. Unilever is a dual-listed corporation consisting of UnileverNV in Rotterdam, Netherlands and Unilever PLC in London, England. This ar gradement is similar to that of Reed Elsevier and that of Royal Dutch Shell prior to their unified structure. Both Unilever companies occupy the alike directors and effectively lead as a single caper.The current non-executive Chairman of Unilever N. V. and PLC is Michael Treschow while Patrick Cescau is Group Chief Executive, who pull up stakes retire at the end of 2008. Mr Paul Polman will provide Patrick Cescau as Group Chief Executive. The c all(prenominal)er is widely listed on the world s stock exchanges. 1. 2 Origin of report Since practical orientation is an constitutive(a) part of the BBA program, I tried to expose real life performance of Uniliver by preparing this report. To prep are this report I have come across with distinguishable information of the Uniliver.From the collected information I understand the high societys activities in the market as Uniliverll as in their internal preparation for market and others activities. I expect that this report will fulfill the requirement of BBA program and provide a clear idea around the Uniliver activities and other multi-national political partys effort in the Bangladesh. Thus, Uniliver stool hasten deep understand of actual situation of MNs companys activities by analyzing their exposed system . 1. 3 Objective This Study is intended to analyze marketing strategies used by Unilever Bangladesh Ltd and globe.The main advise of the instruction is to find what strategies the company uses to market its prod ucts and brands worldwide the positive and negative aspects of those strategies. The report gain ground analyzes the position of Unilever Bangladesh Ltd and globe in the several industries in comparison to its competitors. Specific objective To know about Uniliver and Uniliver Bangladesh. To unwrap SOWT analysis of Uniliver Bangladesh. To know about Unilivers strategy regarding product, pr tripe rink,place and promotion. To identify the segmentation,targeting and positioning strategy used by Uniliver Bangladesh.To develop nearly recoendation for further improvement in Marketing strategy of Uniliver Bangladesh. 1. 6 Methodology of this report For availability and availability of information I have chosen to work on the Marketing strategies of Unilever Bangladesh Ltd and globe. As the company operates in the market with a huge number of products in unlike industries, I have decided to focalize on unmatchable of their world wide advantageful strategy on providing data. Most of the information used in this report is from secondary sources. The main source of information was the Unilivers website.In extension information will be collected from focus group discussion,depth interview and survey. Primary Sources Face to face conversation with the Unilivers race guest tactile sensation collection by dint of survey. Collection of data related with Customer satisfaction through survey. Miscellaneous Book Reading. Secondary Sources Annual Reports of Uniliver Various types of Website Different research report. Different Newspapers, Articles, Journals and Publication. Sample Size I have collected data from 5 upper level employee through depth interview and 100 Customer for survey.Sampling Technique In case of survey simple random sampling was used . In case of depth interview snowball sampling was used. info analysis I used Microsoft excel to analyze the collected data and get the proper meaning. I used too graph,picture to show and analyze the data. For ac cessibility and availability of information I have chosen to work on the strategies of Unilever Bangladesh Ltd and globe. As the company operates in the market with a huge number of products in different industries, I have decided to focus on one of their world wide successful strategy on providing data.Most of the information used in this report is from secondary sitces. The main sitsce of information was the Uniliverbsite. In addition information was excessively collected from focus group discussion. 1. 4 Limitation To conduct this study sheer experiences are ingested. But I have lack of those. As like- The Data was not available about company. Without practical work experience it was tight to do work. Confidential information are not exposed in Bangladesh. It was thorny to gather sufficient information due to limitation of time.It was also difficult to obtain proper information from respondents because of their busy schedule. Lack of Money After all within time throttle it i s not possible learn and understand all the activities of MNs company like Uniliver. Chapter-02 Overview of Uniliver Unilever at a glance Unilever NV Unilever PLC Type Public company (AMS UNA) (LSEULVR) (NYSEUN) (Unilever N. V. ) (NYSEUL) (Unilever PLC) Industry Conglomerate Founded 1930 Headquarters Unilever House, London, join KingdomRotterdam, Netherlands Area served Worldwide Key people Michael Treschow Chairman) Lord Simon of steepbury (Vice Chairman) Paul Polman (CEO) intersection points See brands listing Revenue 44,262million (2010) Operating income 6,339million (2010) Net income 4,598million (2010) Employees 163,000 (2010) Uniliverbsite http//unilever. com 2. 1 History & reaping Unilever is a British-Dutch multinational corporation that owns many of the worlds consumer product brands in foods, beverages, cleaning agents and personal picture care products. Unilever is a dual-listed company consisting of Unilever N. V. in Rotterdam, Netherlands and Unilever PLC in Lond on, get together Kingdom.This arrangement is similar to those of Reed Elsevier and Royal Dutch Shell prior to their unified structures. Both Unilever companies have the same directors and effectively operate as a single handicraft. The current non-executive Chairman of Unilever N. V. and PLC is Michael Treschow while Paul Polman is Group Chief Executive. Unilevers main international competitors include nuzzle and Procter & Gamble. They also face competition in local anaesthetic markets or product ranges from companies such(prenominal) as Beiersdorf, ConAgra, Danone, General Mills, Henkel, Mars, Inc. Pepsico, Reckitt Benckiser and S. C. Johnson & Son. History Unilever was founded on 1 January 1930 by Antonius Johannes Jurgens, Samuel wagon train den Bergh and William Hulme prise, 2nd Viscount Leverhulme. The amalgamation of the operations of British gook all overlord Lever Brothers ,William Hulme Lever and Dutch margarine producer Margarine Unie, Anton Jurgens en Samuel cut ting edge den Bergh, a merger as typewriter ribbon oil was a major raw material for both margarines and welts and could be momented more(prenominal) efficiently in larger quantities.The initial harvesting of treat oil was from the British Uniliverst Africa, from where sensitives reports seen back in England shoUniliverd the workers abroad in favorable conditions. In 1911 the company received a concession for 750,000 hectares of set in Belgian congou afternoon teatime leaf, mostly south of circumstancesundu, where a system of forced labor operated. The subsidiary of Lever was named Huileries du Congo Belge. During the great depression in the thirties, the Huileries sharply decreased the fee for gathered oil nuts, while the government of Belgian Congo dependablely increased taxation.This resulted in sociable unrest in 1931, which are known as the Revolution of the Pende, in which eventually more than 400 members of the Pende-tribe were killed. In the 1930s the Unilever b usiness grew and spick-and-span ventures were entraped in Africa and Latin the States. In 1972 Unilever corruptd A&W Restaurants Canadian part notwithstanding sold its shares through a management buyout to former A&W intellectual nourishment Services of Canada CEO Jefferson J. Mooney in July 1996. By 1980 soap and edible fats contributed just 40% of pro cash in ones chipss, compared with an original 90%. In 1984 the company bought the brand Brooke mystify (maker of PG Tips tea).In 1987 Unilever strengthened its position in the world pelt care market by acquiring Chesebrough-Ponds, the maker of Ragu, Ponds, Aqua-Net, Cutex Nail Polish, and Vaseline. In 1989 Unilever bought Calvin Klein Cosmetics, Faberge, and Elizabeth Arden, but the last mentioned was later sold (in 2000) to FFI Fragrances. In 1996 Unilever purchased Helene Curtis Industries, giving the company a powerful in the altogether aim in the join States wash and deodorant market. The purchase brought Unilever th e Suave and Finesse hair-care product brands and Degree deodorant brand. Global employment at Unilever 20002008Black represents employment numbers in Europe, light gray represents the Americas and dark grey represents Asia, Africa, and Middle East. Between 2000 and 2008 Unilever slewd planetary workforce numbers by 41%, from 295,000 to 174,000. Note Europe figures for 20002003 are all Europe from 2004 figures in scandalous are Western Europe. For 20042008 Figures for Asia, Africa and Middle East include Eastern and Central Europe. Source Unilever Annual Reports 2004, 2008 In 2000 the company absorbed the American business vanquish Foods, strengthening its presence in compass north America and extending its portfolio of foods brands.In April 2000 it bought both Ben & Jerrys and Slim Fast. The company is multinational with operating companies and factories on every continent (except Antarctica) and inquiry laboratories at Colworth and Port sunshine in England Vlaardingen in the Netherlands Trumbull, Connecticut, and Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey in the United States Bangalore in India (see also Hindustan Unilever trammel) and Shanghai in China. The US division carried the Lever Brothers name until the 1990s, when it adopted that of the parent company.The American unit has headquarters in New Jersey, and no longer maintains a presence at Lever House, the iconic skyscraper on Park Avenue in New York City. The company is said to promote sustainability and started a sustainable agriculture broadcast in 1998. In May 2007 it became the first tea company to commit to sitscing all its tea in a sustainable manner, employing the rainforest Alliance, an international purlieual NGO, to acknowledge its tea estates in East Africa, as will as third-party suppliers in Africa and other parts of the world.It declared its aim to have all Lipton Yellow Label and PG Tips tea bags sold in Western Europe certified by 2010, followed by all Lipton tea bags globally by 2015. Un ilevers Lipton brand Covalence, an ethical personality ranking agency, placed Unilever at the top of its ranking based on positive versus negative new(a)s coverage for 2007. In 2007, Unilevers Dove exploitation video that ran only online, was named the first ever non-tv spot to earn the Grand Lion at the Cannes Advertising Festival. And in March, 2008, Unilever was named Digital Marketer of the Year by Advertising Age.In 2008 Unilever was honored at the 59th Annual Technology & Engineering Emmy Awards for Outstanding Achievement in Advanced Media Technology for Creation and Distribution of Interactive technical Advertising Delivered Through Digital Set Top Boxes for its program Axe Boost Yits ESP. On 25 September 2009, Unilever decided to acquire the personal care business of Sara Lee Corporation leading brands such as Radox, Badedas and Duschdas strengthened category leading in Skin Cleansing and Deodorants.On 9 August 2010, Unilever sign-language(a) an as set out purchase a greement with the Norwegian dairy group TINE, to acquire the activities of Diplom-Is in Denmark, as of 30 September 2010. On 24 September 2010, Unilever denote that it has entered into a definitive agreement to sell its consumer tomato products business in Brazil to Cargill. On 27 September 2010, Unilever purchased Alberto-Culver, the maker of personal care and sign products such as Simple, VO5, Nexxus, TRESemme, and Mrs. pikah for $US3. 7billion.On 28 September 2010, Unilever and EVGA announced that they have signed an agreement under which Unilever will acquire EVGAs ice cream brands (amongst others, Scandal, Variete and Karabola) and distribution network in Greece, for an undisclosed amount. On 23 March 2011 Unilever announced that it has entered a binding agreement to sell the global Sanex business to Colgate-Palmolive for 672m. Unilever also announced that it has entered into a binding agreement to acquire Colgate-Palmolives lavation detersive brands (Fab, Lavomatic and Vel) in Colombia for US$215m. . 2 History & Growth in Bangladesh perspective Unilever Bangladesh is a company that has its own history intrinsically built with the development of its nation and its culture. It has been part of the Bangladeshi household since the 19th century with the same intention of bringing cleanliness and convenience to households as Uniliver do today. Back then Sunlight soap was marketed through Lever Brothers India limited throughout the undivided India. later on, Lever Brothers Pakistan limited started its operation in Bangladesh on a larger exceed.In 1964, its soap manufacturing facility was setup in Kalurghat, Chittagong. With time it gradually evolved and diversified into manufacturing personal products like skin care creams, toothpastes, washs, detergent powders, and so on. Accumulating manufacturing experience over 40 years, Uniliver has a legacy of leading the market with international brands offered at affordable prices. Today, with 13 different brands in 8 different categories, Unilever Bangladesh stands as one of the most progressive partner in development for the Government of Bangladesh. 964-1972 Productions started off with Sunlight soap and Lifebuoy soap. After the war of in colony in 1971, Bangladesh became an independent country. At this time, Lever Brothers Bangladesh Ltd. was constituted with Unilever owning 60. 75% shares and the Government of Bangladesh owning the remaining 39. 25% shares. 1972-1980 Post judgment of dismissal period evidenced accelerated growth for the company. Demand started rising and the company go on its mission to meet consumer needs by producing flavour soaps, introducing Lux the bang soap and Wheel.Launched in 1972 Wheel entered the merchandised laundry category, traditionally dominated by cottage soaps. It appealed to the consumers with unique care benefits for hand and fabric, a generic weakness in cottage soaps. It gradually became the secret ally of Bangladeshi women by extending the c aring hand to ease her passing(a) laundry chores. 1980-1990 The early eighties witnessed expansion of the company through diversification. Calibrating teaching, the mission now included enhancing quality of life through other personal products aspiring aestheticism like sparkling white teeth, youthful breath, fair hair, and glowing skin.A face-to-face Product Plant was established to manufacture shampoo, toothpaste, and skin care creams. Sunsilk Shampoo, Closeup Tooth paste, Fair and Lovely for skin care and Vim for dish rinse was produced and marketed to bring great international and regional formulations to Bangladeshi households at affordable prices. 1989 heralded the beginning of a fairy tale story the initiation of sixty photogenic contest that brought the real life experience of glamits, fame and fortune to the door steps of young girls throughout the country. 1990-1998 In the early 90? Unilever Bangladesh entered the tea-based beverage market introducing Lipton Taaza, Levers flagship packet tea brand, with the objective to be the most preferred tea of the Bangladeshi consumers. World renowned Ponds cream and Pepsodent the dental hygienics expert began to be manufactured from its Kalurghat factory. Washing drudgeries of the busy propertymakers were dustablesed away with the introduction of Wheel washing powder and Surf Excel for premium wash. In 1996-1997, its manufacturing facility owned and run by a third party was set up outside Dhaka for wheel washing powder.With formulations suitable for local conditions, the washing powder concept brought about a huge revolution in fabric washing raiments in the country. 1998-2004 These are the golden years in the history of Unilever Bangladesh as the company turned around from severe losses due to competitive backlash to a company with 6 years of in series(p) growth. Around the end of November 2001, its new personal products factory Sankalp in Kalurghat started production which helped us meet the ma rket needs from a shift on its dependence on soaps to diverse personal grooming categories.This is also the era when Unilever Bangladesh introduced many exciting new products such as Ponds face wash to end soap related facial skin woes or Lipton double chamber tea bags for more zest in its tea cups and the markets responded enthusiastically. In 2001, Uniliver brought about a new excitement in the kitchen care sector with the introduction of Vim bar, the dish cleaning soap a concept of convenience and reciprocal household habits combined together. In 2002 Rexona deodorant entered the market building in awareness about body odits problems and creating a new personal grooming habit in the country.The companys soap formulations changed radically during this time to bring in world class standards without any price rises. Lifebuoy, the health brand has move from just the hard-working mens soap to reminding one, of the bond of love that binds a family in a healthy circle, gratis(p) o f germs and sickness. In 2004, as a new variant, bringing in the well-groundedness of Neem an Ayurvedic medical marvel, Lifebuoy has reinstated its earnest endeavits to be ahead of consumers needs. In the span of these six years, Uniliver gathered many accolades (link to awards page) to certify its fast paced move towards world class performance.Unilever Bangladesh had a jitney towards adding new impetus to its trade marketing and today its products are available in 90% of the households in Bangladesh. In a company wide move to come out from behind the great brands and be known as Unilever worldwide, Lever Brothers Bangladesh limited officially changed its name to Unilever Bangladesh in December 2004. 2. 2. 1 Unilever Bangladesh (core information) Over the last fits decades, Unilever Bangladesh has been constantly bringing new and world-class products for the Bangladeshi people to remove the daily drudgery of life.Over 90% of the countrys households use one or more of its products . Unilever Bangladesh is a Fast Moving Consumer Goods company with local manufacturing facilities, reporting to regional business groups for intention and business results. Constitution Unilever 60. 75% shares, Government of Bangladesh 39. 25% Product categories Household Care, Fabric Cleaning, Skin Cleansing, Skin Care, Oral Care, Hair Care, Personal Grooming, Tea based Beverages. Unilever Bangladesh Brands Wheel, Lux, Lifebuoy, Fair & Lovely, Ponds, Close Up, Sunsilk, Taaza, Pepsodent, take a leak, Vim, Surf Excel, Rexona, Axe, Dove, & Vaseline.Manufacturing facilities The company has a Soap Manufacturing factory and a Personal Products Factory located in Chittagong. Besides these, there is a tea packaging operation in Chittagong and three manufacturing units in Dhaka, which are owned and run by third parties only if dedicated to Unilever Bangladesh. 2. 2. 2 Key Dates 1872 Two Dutch firms, Jurgens and Van den Bergh, begin commercial production of margarine. 1885 William Hesk eth Lever establishes soap factory in Warrington, stain the beginnings of Lever Brothers. 1908 Jurgens and Van den Bergh pool their interests. 914 Lever begins producing margarine at the request of the British government. 1927 Jurgens and Van den Bergh create dual-structured Margarine Union Limited and Margarine Unie N. V. 1929 Margarine Union/Margarine Unie merges with Lever Brothers to create Unilever, with dual Anglo-Dutch structure. 1930 Special committee is established as a board of directors over the British and Dutch Unilever holding companies. 1937 Reorganization equalizes the assets of the Dutch and the British groups of Unilever Thomas J. Lipton Company, U. S. manufacturer of tea, is acquired. 944 The U. S. toothpaste brand Pepsodent is acquired. 1957 Company acquires U. K. frozen foods maker Birds Eye. 1961U. S. ice cream novelty maker Good Humor is acquired. 1984 Buying spree begins that will last until 1988 and result in about 80 companies being acquired Brooke Bond, t he leading European tea company, is acquired through hostile secludeover. 1986 Company acquires Chesebrough-Ponds, its largest purchase to date. 1989 The acquisition of three companies, including Faberge Inc. , makes the company a major player in the world perfume and cosmetics industry. 994 The launch of a new laundry detergent in Europe turns into a public relations disaster when tests reveal that it can damage clothes under certain conditions. 1996 make management reorganization is launched, including the replacing of the special committee with a seven-member executive committee. 1997 Specialty chemicals operations are sold to Imperial Chemical Industries PLC for about US$8 billion. 1999 Company announces that it will eliminate about 1,200 of its brands to focus on around 400 regionally or globally poUniliverrful brands. 2. Corporate Objective The purpose of Unilever is to meet the everyday needs of peopleeverywhere anticipate the aspirations of companys consumers and customer s and to respond creatively and competitively with branded products and services which raise the quality of life. Companys deep roots in local cultures and markets around the world are its unparalleled inheritance and the foundation for companys futurity growth. The Unilivr will bring its wealth of knowledge and international expertise to the service of local consumersa truly multi-local multinational.Companys long experimental condition success requires a total commitment to exceptional standards of performance and productivity, to working together effectively and to a willingness to embrace new ideas and learn continuously. Uniliver believe that to succeed requires the highest standards of somatic behavior towards its employees, consumers and the societies and world in which it exist. This is Unilevers road to sustainable, profitable growth for its business and long-term value creation for Uniliver shareholders and employees. 2. 4 Vision, Mission & Goals VisionUnilever products touch the lives of over 2 billion people every day whether thats through feeling great because theyve got shiny hair and a brilliant smile, keeping their homes fresh and clean, or by enjoying a great cup of tea, satisfying meal or healthy snack. The fits pillars of Uniliver vision set out the long term direction for the company where its want to go and how it is going to get there It work to create a better future every day It help people feel true, look good and get more out of life with brands and services that are good for them and good for others.It will inspire people to take small everyday actions that can add up to a big difference for the world. It will develop new ways of doing business with the aim of stunt woman the size of its company while diminution its environmental violation. Uniliver has always believed in the power of its brands to improve the quality of peoples lives and in doing the right thing. As its business grows, so do its responsibilities. Uniliver recognize that global challenges such as climate change concern us all.Considering the wider impact of its actions is embedded in its value and is a fundamental part of who it is. Mission Uniliver mission is to add Vitality to life. It meet everyday needs for nutrition, hygiene and personal care with brands that help people look good, feel good and get more out of life. In the last five years, it has built its business by focusing on its brands, streamlining how Uniliver work, and better its insight into the evolving needs and tastes of consumers. Now Uniliver are taking the next step in simplification by aligning its selves around a clear common mission.Uniliver recognize that the world in which Uniliver operate is changing. Consumers are increasingly bringing their views as citizens into their buying decisions, demanding more from the companies behind the brands. They want companies and brands they trust. Unilever embraces these new expectations. Its heritage of good governance, product quality and long experience of working with communities gives us a strong base. Uniliver aim to build on this by taking the next step in transparency and accountability.It will stand visibly as Unilever, behind its products and everything Uniliver do, everywhere. Every day one hundred fifty million people in over 150 countries choose its products. Already, most of its brands give the benefits of feeling good, looking good and getting more out of life. Bertolli, for example, conjures up the Italian zest for life and Becel/Flora keeps police wagon healthy. Sunsilk helps you feel happier because yits hair looks great. Its laundry brand, Omo, encitsages children to get dirty so they can experience more of life.In the future, its brands will do even more to add free energy to life. Its vitality mission will focus its brands on meeting consumer needs arising from the biggest issues around the world today ageing populations, urbanizations, changing foods and lifestyles. Unili ver see growing consumer need for a healthy lifestyle more variety, quality, taste and enjoyment time, as an increasingly precious commodity Helping people to feel good, look good and get more out of life will enable us to meet these needs and expand its business. Unilever is in a unique osition to understand the interrelationships in the midst of nutrition, hygiene and personal care. Uniliver can do this thanks to its strong science capability and its locally rooted consumer insight. It is by bringing all this together that Uniliver can strive to contribute to quality of life and wellbeing adding vitality to life. The long-term success of its business is intimately interconnected with the vitality of the environment and the communities in which Uniliver operate. The environment provides us with its raw materials and the ingredients Uniliver need to make its products. powerful, prosperous communities provide us with a healthy, growing consumer base Goals Unilever Unveils 50 Sustain abilityGoals 50 specific goals that include social and health-related targets under the Unilever Sustainable spirit Plan released today. It expanded on a commitment made last year to double sales while reducing overall environmental impact. The new plan gets far more specific. And progress on this social mission is now part of every Unilever initiative launch plan alongside sales and profit targets, Mr. Lewis said, president of Uniliver America.Unilever isnt the only company to recently step up environmental goals, but its targets are more ambitious than many, maybe even most. Procter & Gamble Co. also announced big sustainability goals for 2020 in September, targeting, among other things, a 20% reduction in packaging per consumer use, but Unilevers goal is for an absolute reduction of 33%. Pledge to use sustainable sits Unilever is pledging to sits all of its agricultural raw materials from sustainable sits by 2020 and half by 2015. That could drive up costs, but it is manageable by Uniliver.One of Unilevers more ambitious targets is to expand its PureIt water-filtration brand, launched in India in 2004, to elsewhere in Asia, Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa. It aims to have such systems provide ripe drinking water to 500 million globally by 2020 a population bigger than southeasterly Americas current 385 million or nearly half of Indias current 1. 1 billion. The companys new Sustainable Living Plan, authentic over the cites of the last 12 months, and unveiled around the globe today, focuses on Unilevers entire supply chain, from the farms that supply raw materials for its products to the emissions and waste generated y customer use of those products. Among the targets Unilever has set Since 100 pct of agricultural raw materials sustainable by 2015, including 100 percent sustainable palm oil. Unilever buys 3 percent of the worlds annual supply of palm oil. Change the hygiene habits of 1 billion people in Asia, Africa and Latin America to help redu ce diarrhea the words second biggest cause of infant mortality. Unilever will push sales of its Lifebuoy soap brand and teach consumers when to wash their hands to extend to this aim. Make drinking water safer in developing countries by extending sales of its PureIt home water purifier. Improve standards of living by working with agencies such as Oxfam and the Rainforest Alliance to link 500,000 smallholders and small-scale distributors to the Unilever supply chain. According to The GuardianUnilever also intends to improve the nutritional quality of its food products with cuts in salt, saturated fats, scrawl and calories and link more than 500,000 small holder farmers and small scale distributors in developing countries to its supply chain. The Sustainable Living Plan sets out over 50 social, economic and environmental targets. It will see Unilever, whose global brands include Dove, Omo, Knorr and Lipton, halve the greenhouse gas emissions, water and waste used not just by th e company in its direct operations, but also by its suppliers and consumers. Over two-thirds of greenhouse gas emissions and half the water used in Unilever products life round of golf come from consumer use, so this is a major commitment on an unprecedented scale.Other make out goals Unilever plans to achieve by or before 2020 include 100% of its agricultural raw materials sustainable including, by 2015, 100% sustainable palm oil Changing the hygiene habits of 1 billion people in Asia, Africa and Latin America so that they wash their hands with Lifebuoy soap at key times during the day helping to reduce diarrhea disease, the worlds second biggest cause of infant mortality Making safe drinking water available to half a billion people by extending sales of its low-cost in-home water purifier, PureIt, from India to other countries better livelihoods in developing countries by working with Oxfam, Rainforest Alliance and others to link over 500,000 smallholder farmers and small-scale distributors into its supply chain. Paul Polman (group chief executive) emphasized that Unilever did not have all the answer were and that the ompany would need to work in partnership with customers, suppliers, governments and NGOs if it was to achieve its goals. 2. 6 Volume growth ahead of Uniliver markets Table-01 Underlying batch growth financial Year Growth 2008 0. 1% 2009 2. 3% 2010 5. 8% Underlying volume growth accelerated in 2010 to 5. 8%, the best that Unilever has achieved for more than 30 years. Uniliver set out two years ago to reignite its volume growth and to grow ahead of its markets. That is what Uniliver are starting to do its volume shares are up in all regions and in most categories. Volume growth was broad based.In its emerging markets business Uniliver grew volumes by around 10% over the year as a whole, with the key businesses of China, India and Turkey all delivering growth well into double digits. Only in Central and Eastern Europe did Uniliver see mo re gentle growth, although even here volumes were comfortably up in difficult markets. In the developed world, where growth has been very hard to achieve over the recent past, its volumes were also up by around 2%, again ahead of the market, in both Western Europe and North America. Uniliver gained volume share in all regions, with particularly strong performance in key emerging markets such as China, Indonesia, South Africa and Argentina. Uniliver stern Europe also saw strong volume share gains, led by the Netherlands, France and Italy.Volume shares were also up in most of its core categories, with deodorants, skin cleansing, household care, ice cream and dressings all achieving notable gains during the year. mantrap improvement in molding Underlying Operating Margin for the year increased by 20 basis points. It was another year of the steady and sustainable improvement that Uniliver have been targeting. Cost saving programmes again delivered strongly, with 1. 4 billion of savin gs in the year following a similar amount in 2009. Much of the success in savings came in the supply chain, and as a result stark(a) allowance account, at constant currency, improved for the year scorn negative underlying price growth and modestly higher commodity costs. Positive mix and improved volume leverage also contributed positively to gross margin.At the same time as increasing underlying operating margin Uniliver also increased substantially the advertising and promotions investment put behind its brands at constant currency the increase was more than 300 million or 30 basis points in the year. This came after an even bigger increase in 2009, meaning an additional 700 million behind the building of its brand equities over the last two years. Aside from the gross margin increase, the key driver of margin improvement was a reduction in indirect costs, with the organization now leaner and a new discipline exerted in all areas of the cost base. Healthy cash delivery Working capital reduced as a percentage of turnovers and has now been negative for over 12 months. The cash conversion cycle improved by 17 days, from 20 days in 2009 to just three in 2010.Uniliver are close to best in class in its management of payables and receivables, but in inventories Uniliver still see scope for further improvement. This strong performance in working capital management was reflected in free cash flow, which was again healthy at 3. 4 billion. Over the last two years its combined free cash flow of 7. 4 billion represents around 90% of net profit. This is robust performance, particularly at a time when Uniliver are investing heavily in the future growth of the business in areas such as capital expenditure, as it build new capacity to support its rapid volume growth in emerging markets. The 0. 7 billion reduction versus 2009 reflected a smaller inflow from working capital in 2010, following the exceptional benefit of 1. 7 billion taken in 2009. 2. Corporate image Unileve r claims that corporate social responsibility is at the heart of its business. However Uniliver, the transition to a responsible and sustainable company is ongoing and it has attracted a variety of criticisms from political, environmental and human rights activists on not achieving the high aims it communicates on a number of topics. 2. 8. 1 Environmental issues Unilevers stated goals are to decouple growth from the companys environmental impact by halving the environmental footprint of its products helping 1billion people improve their health and welfare since all of its agricultural raw materials sustainably Palm oilUnilever has been criticized by Greenpeace for causing deforestation, Unilever was targeted in 2008 by Greenpeace UK, which criticized the company for buying palm oil from suppliers that are damaging Indonesias rainforests. Unilever, as a founding member of the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO), responded by publicizing its plan to obtain all of its palm oil from sitsces that are certified as sustainable by 2015. In Cote dIvoire, one of Unilevers palm oil suppliers was accused of clearing forest for plantations, an activity that threatened a primate species, Miss Waldrons Red Colobus. Unilever intervened to halt the clearances pending the results of an environmental assessment.On 4 July 2010, Unilever announced that it has secured enough GreenPalm certificates of sustainable palm oil to cover the requirements of its European, Australia, and New Zealand business. GreenPalm is a certificate trading programme, endorsed by the RSPO, which is designed to tackle the environmental and social problems created by the production of palm oil. Rainforest Alliance Unilever has committed to purchase all its tea from sustainable, ethical sitsces. It has asked the international environmental NGO, Rainforest Alliance, to start by certifying tea farms in Africa. Lipton and PG Tips will be the first brands to contain certified tea. The company aims to hav e all Lipton Yellow Label and PG Tips tea bags sold in Western Europe certified by 2010 and all Lipton tea bags sold globally by 2015. Animal testingUnilever states it is committed to the elimination of animal testing, and where it is a legal requirement in some countries, it tries to prevail on _or_ upon the local authorities to change the law. Some activistsargue that this is little more than an effort to gain good publicity and Unilever continue to use animal experimentation such as the LD50 poisoning test. 2. 8. 2 Social issues Race and advertisements Hindustan Unilever, had been showing television advertisements for skin-lightening cream, Fair and Lovely, depicting depressed, dark-skinned women, who had been ignored by employers and men, suddenly finding new boyfriends and glamorous careers after the cream had lightened their skin.The Austrian branch of Unilever (Eskimo) is producing and marketing an ice-cream under the name Mohr im Hemd. Mohr (moor), is a colonial German word for African or minacious people, has a heavily colonialist and racist connotation, Mohr im Hemd (moor in the shirt) is a traditional Austrian chocolate specialty which refers to naked, wild Africans. Unilever refutes any racist intentions and claims that it has tested the name in broad market studies in Austria without any critical feedback. Sexism in advertisements The Campaign for a Commercial-Free Childhood criticized Unilever for the 2007 Axe marketing driveway, which they considered sexist. Unilevers response is that the Axe campaign is intended as a spoof and not meant to be taken literally.Unilever has launched the Dove Real Beauty marketing campaign, which envisaged women to reject the underfed and hyper-sexualized images of new-fashioned advertising in 2007. Child labor In 2003 Hindustan Unilever was accused of making use of child labor, among others. 2. 9 Organizational Structure Billion-Euro brands Brands with annual sales of one billion euros or more Axe/Lynx Blue Ba nd Dove Flora/Becel Heartbrand Hellmans Knorr Liptons Lux (soap) Omo/Surf (detergent) Rexona/Sure Sunsilk TIGI (haircare) Heartbrand The Heartbrand logo accompanying various brands of Unilever ice creams. Unilever is the worlds biggest ice cream manufacturer, with an annual turnover of 5 billion.Except for the USA brand names Popsicle, Klondike, Ocean Spray ice cream, Slim Fast ice cream, Breyers, Starbucks and Ben & Jerrys all of its ice cream business is done under the Heartbrand brand umbrella, so called because of its heart-shaped logo. Unilever currently operates cardinal ice cream factories in Europe the biggest include factories at Heppenheim in Germany, Caivano in Italy, St. Dizier in France, Gloucester in the United Kingdom and Santa Iria da Azoia in Portugal. The Heartbrand was launched in 1998 (and slightly modified in 2003) as an effort to increase international brand awareness and promote cross-border synergies in manufacturing and marketing (centralization).It is pres ent in more than 40 countries. Although the logo is common worldwide, each country retained the local brand so as to keep the familiarity built over the years, one notable exception being Hungary where the previous Eskimo brand was replaced with Algida in 2003. In 2005, Glidat Strauss received special permission from Unilever to export their brand of ice cream to the United States because of the strict kosher certification the products in Israel have. Under terms of the agreement, Strauss ice cream and krembo may be sold only in kosher supermarkets and import shops. It is distributed in North America by Dairy Delight, a subsidiary of Normans Dairy.Prior to the heart logo, each country could choose its own logo, although the most common one consisted of a blue circle with the local brands name over a background of red and white banding second most common old logo, used by Walls in the UK and other countries, was a yellow logo with Walls in blue text. Unilever generally manufactures the same ice-cream with the same names, with rare occasions of regional availability, under different brands. Some of these ice-creams include Carte DOr, Cornetto, Magnum, Solero and Viennetta. Food and beverages Ades or Adez soya-based drinks Alsa desserts and syrups Amora French mayonnaise and dressings Amino dehydrated soup (Poland) Annapurna salt and wheat flits (India) Bakers Joy Non stick baking spray Becel also known as Flora/Promise health-aware margarine, propagates, formulation oil, milk, ermented milk Ben & Jerrys ice cream Best Foods mayonnaise, sandwich spreads, peanut butter and salad dressings Bertolli pasta sauces (ambient/chilled & frozen) and margarine BiFi sausage-based snacks (Germany) Blue Band family-aware margarine, bread, cream alternatives Bovril beef extract Breyers ice cream Brooke Bond tea Bru instant coffee (India) Brummel & Brown margarine Bushells tea (Australia, New Zealand) dismantle sauces, ketchup, mustard, mayonnaise, peanut butter lily-livered Tonight Unilivert sauces range Choysa Tea, marketed mainly in Australia and New Zealand Conimex Asian spices (Netherlands) Colmans mustard,condiments, packet sauces & OK Fruity Sauce Continental side dishes Country Crock margarine Delma margarine (Poland) Du Darfst (Germany) Elmlea Pitsable artificial cream available in different varieties (UK) Fanacoa Mayonnaise, mustard, ketchup (Argentina) Findus frozen foods (Italy, UK, Scandinavia) Flora margarine, light butter, jams Fruco ketchup, mayonnaise and condiments Fudgsicle Gallo olive oil Heartbrand ice cream (umbrella logo) Hellmanns mayonnaise I Cant Believe Its Not Butter margarine spread Imperial Margarine margarine Jif Lemon & Lime Juice Kasia margarine (Poland) Kecap Bango soya sauce in Indonesia Kissan Ketchups Squashes and Jams (India and Pakistan) Klondike frappe cream sandwiches Knorr (Knorr-Suiza in Argentina) sauces, stock cubes, ready-meals, meal kits, ready-soups, frozen food range Ladys Choice mayonnaise, peanut butter and sandwich spreads (Philippines, Malaysia) Lan-Choo tea (Australia/New Zealand) Lao Cai Seasoning Lipton tea Lipton Ice Tea ready-to-drink tea (partnership with PepsiCo) Lizano Sauce (Salsa Lizano) Costa Rican condiment Lyons tea (Ireland) Maille French mustard Maizena corn starch Marmite yeast extract spread (except in Australia and New Zealand, called Its Mate) McCollins tea (Peru) Mrs Dash Seasonings range Molly McButter Mrs.Filberts margarine (USA) Paddle pop Ice cream (Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia incorporated with Walls) Pfanni Bavarian potato mixesPeperami Sausage snacks PG Tips tea (UK) Phase cooking oil Planta margarine Popsicle Frozen treats Pot Noodle cup noodles Promise Becel/Flora Ragu pasta sauces Rama margarine Royal pastas (Philippines) Royco stock cubes, non-MSG stock (only in Indonesia) Red Rose Tea tea (Canada) Sana Margarine (Turkey) Saga tea (Poland) Sariwangi tea (Indonesia) Scottish Blend tea Skippy peanut butter SlimFast diet products Sugar Twin Sunce (Sun) Mayonnaise (Serbia, macintoshedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro) brand now discontinued, Sunce factory now produces Uniliver brand Knor Mayonnaise Stork margarine Streets (ice cream) (Australia/New Zealand) Tortex ketchup (Poland) Turun sinappi mustard (Finland/SUniliverden) Unilever Food Solutions superior markets (food service) Unox soups, smoked sausages Vaqueiro cooking margarine, cooking oil Walls ice cream Wish-Bone salad dressing Partial list of national brands variants of the HeartbrandAlgida Czech Republic, Cyprus, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Republic Of Macedonia, Malta, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Turkey, Latvia, Lithuania Bresler chilly Cargills Sri Lanka Eskimo Austria Frigo Spain Frisko Denmark GB Glace SUniliverden, Finland Glidat Strauss Israel, USA Good Humor USA, Canada, China HB Ireland Helados La Fuente Colombia China Holanda Mexico, Central America Kibon Brazil Kwality Walls India Langnese Germany Lusso Switzerland Miko France ola Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembitsg, South Africa Ola Portugal Pinguino Ecuador Selecta Philippines Streets Australia, New Zealand (slogan Nothing Beats Streets) Tio Rico Venezuela Walls United Kingdom (Great Britain), Hong Kong, Singapore, Indonesia, Pakistan, Malaysia, Thailand and other parts of Asia Walls HB United Kingdom (Northern Ireland) Home and personal care brandsAla laundry detergent (Argentina) Andrelon Axe deodorant, shoUniliverr gel, bodyspray (Lynx in the UK, Ireland and Australasia) Ayush (India) Badedas ShoUniliverr gels Baba (East Europe) Biotex laundry detergent Brilhante laundry detergent (Brazil) spanking-Hair Styling products for men (Southeast Asia,North America,All Regions,All VariantsBrisk Hairstyling Unilivertlook,Brisk Hairstyling Unilivertlook Extra Strong,Brisk Shampoo 2 in 1 For Men,Brisk Hairstyling jactitate Antidandruff,Brisk Hair C ream) Brut cologne, aftershave Brylcreem hair styling products for men Caress soap Cif cleaning Clear anti-dandruff shampoo and conditioner(China, Southeast Asia, Romania, Pakistan, Poland, Hungary) Close-Up toothpaste Coccolino softener (Poland, Hungary, Romania) Comfort Consort Men hair care Cream Silk conditioner (Philippines) Degree deodorant Dimension Domestos bleach (Poland, Czech Republic, Romania, Hungary, Spain, Germany, Italy, Israel, France, Turkey, Australia) Dove skin, hair, and deodorant Dusch Das shoUniliverr gels Fair and Lovely skin lightening product (available in India and Malaysia) FDS Skin care range Finesse shampoo and conditioner (sold in 2006 to Lornamead Brands, Inc. Gessy (Brazil) soaps Glorix (Netherlands) Good Morning soap (Egypt) Impulse deodorant body spray Just for me Kids hair range Lever 2000 soap Lifebuoy soap (Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Indonesia, Australia) Clinic dandruff shampoo Lynx deodor ant, mens Lysoform home care (Italy) Lux womens soap, shoUniliverr gel, and lotions (Caress in the United States) Matey childrens bubble bath Minerva laundry and dishwasher detergents (Brazil) Mist soap (Egypt) Motions Hair care Neutral laundry detergent Nexxus Salon Hair care Noxzema Skin care range Omo (South America) laundry detergent Origins Pears Transparent Soap Pepsodent dental (outside of the United States) Persil (IE/UK/FR/NZ) Ponds (Outside of the United Kingdom and United States) Prodent toothpaste Quix dishwashing liquid (Chile) Q-Tips cotton swabs Radox ShoUniliverr gels and Bubble Bath Range Rexona deodorant Rinso Robijn softener Salon Selectives shampoo and conditioner (sold in 2010 to CLT International) Sedal (known in Brazil as Seda) shampoo and conditioner Signal Simple Skin/ body care range SR toothpaste with sodium ricinoleate Skip laundry detergent Static Guard Suave Sun dishwasher Sunlight Sunsilk (Sedal in Latin America, Seda in Brazil) s hampoo and conditioner Sure Surf laundry detergent Soft Beautiful Hair Care products St Ives Hand body care Swan (defunct) TBC Hair care range Thermasilk shampoo and conditioner TIGI shampoo and conditioner for hair salons Tholl skin cure Timotei shampoo and conditioner Tony Guy Hair care range TRESemme Hair care range Vaseline body lotion, shoUniliverr gel, deodorant (Vasenol in Portugal, Brazil, Italy, India, Spain and Mexico) Vibrance shampoo and conditioner Vim (Bangladesh, India, Pakistan) Vitapointe Conditioner (UK/IE) Vinolia soap (Brazil) Viso laundry detergent (Vietnam and Indonesia) White Beauty skin lightening cream Williams mens care VO5 Hair care/ Styling Xedex Zendium toothpaste Zhonghua toothpaste Zwitsal Baby care range 2. 9. 1 Principal Operating Units Africa Central Asia Middle East China East Asia Pacific Latin America DiverseyLever Food BeveragesEurope Ice Cream Frozen FoodsEurope Home Personal CareEurope Central Eastern Europe FoodsNo rth America Home Personal CareNorth America . CHAPTER 3 STRATEGY AND MARKETING SWOT analysis StrengthUnilever is one of the world largest Company. Company has advanced applied science and well skilled professionals. Product is highly qualified. The target people are the whole people. Company totally owned, systematic distribution network, transparent communication system. Participative management style. Weakness Competitors has strong promotional activities. Customers are offered better alternatives by the competition. Advertisement flaws. Devotion of product. Products quality looses its values. Poor Promotion of free sample. No Unique identification of product. Opportunities creation expanding at a rapid rate. Consumers are becoming more quality conscious.Current capacity utilization 0% which can be bather broadened with the increased in demand. Customer base is increasing with effective marketing. Baby shampoo is another area uniliver can make huge gains. Shampoo plus conditio ner and anti dandruff shampoos are another area where unilver can earnhvge profits. Pural areas are a large prospective market where they can introduce. Threat Political and economic factors. Partial government Policies. High rate of competition. Local and foreign competition. 4. 9. 1 Top Uniliver competitors Company Location Proctor Gamble Cincinnati, OH Kraft foods Northfield, IL Nestle Vevey, Switzerland 4. 9. Market share Uniliver P G Kraft Nestle Top segment C/G foods Consumer care Food Food Top brand Dove Tide Mac cheese Kitkat CEO A. Burgmans A. G. Lefely R. Deromedi P. Letmathe Stock per share $66. 03 $53. 76 $30. 70 $66. 90 Growth 15. 55% 9. 25% 8. 2% 11. 23% Revenues $42. 942m $28. 2bl $31. 010m $69. 00bl Revenues growth -11. 39% 19% 4. 3% -1. 93% International 100+ 42 150+ 86 Business segment 3 5 5 6 Employees 234000 110000 10600 253000 (Sitsce Hoovers Business news Guide) 4. 9. 3 Principal Competitors Alberto-Culver Company Amway Corporation Avon Products, Inc. Beier sdorf AG Ben Jerrys Homemade, Inc. Bestfoods Campbell Soup Company The Clorox Company The Coca-Cola Company Colgate-Palmolive Company ConAgra, Inc. Dairy Farmers of America Groupe Danone Del Monte Foods Company The Dial Corporation The Estee Lauder Companies Inc. The Gillette Company Hormel Foods Corporation Johnson Johnson Kraft Foods, Inc. LOreal LVMH Moet Hennessy Louis Vuitton SA Mars, Inc. Nabisco Holdings Corp. Nestle S. A. The Pillsbury Company The Procter Gamble Company Reckitt Colman plc Revlon, Inc. Sara Lee Corporation S. C. Johnson Son, Inc. Shiseido Company, Limited Unigate PLC. 4. 10 AdvertisingA freezer in Queens, NY filled with Strauss ice cream from Israel with the Heartbrand Unilever has produced many advertising campaigns, including Lynx/Axe click advert with Nick Lachey (US only) and Ben Affleck (Non-US only) PG Tips Monkey and Al Knorr Chicken Tonight, I feel like chicken tonight Knorr Chinese Soup, Just add one egg Flora London Marathon Knorr glo bal brand Dove Campaign for Real Beauty, including Evolution Calve Pindakaas (peanut butter) in the Netherlands Comfort Pure recommended by mothercare Clear Anti-Dandruff shampoo and conditioner with the entertainer Rain Clear Anti-Dandruff shampoo and conditioner with the entertainer Nicole Scherzinger Clear Soft and Shiny shampoo and conditioner with the actress Sandra Dewi 4. 11. 1 Outlook and risks OutlookMarket conditions for its business were challenging in 2010 and Uniliver do not anticipate this changing significantly in 2011. frugal nips are expected to continue to weigh heavily on consumer spending, particularly in developed markets where the combined impact of austerity measures and high unemployment is likely to force disposable incomes. Emerging market growth should continue to be robust, although even here Uniliver expect to see a modest slowdown. The most difficult environment is likely to be in Western Europe, where higher taxes, lower public expenditure and poten tially rising interest rates mean that, for the short term at least, growth will be limited.In these conditions, consumer confidence is not expected to rise significantly in the year ahead and the search for value by the consumer will continue unabated. A further source of volatility in the year ahead is the return of inflationary pressure, particularly in respect of key commodity costs. Uniliver anticipate significant commodity cost inflation for at least the first half of 2011. If current trends continue then this inflationary pressure will extend also into the second half and beyond. In this environment Uniliver expect prices to rise, albeit at a lower rate than costs as competitors seek to protect market positions and offset higher commodity costs with savings elsewhere. The competitive environment for its business is likely to remain intense in 2011.Its key competitors, both global and local, will be eager to rebuild market share in many of its markets and categories, and will design their activity plans accordingly. Uniliver expect continued high levels of competitive challenge to its many category leadership positions. Some of this will be price-based, as in 2010, but Uniliver also expect strong innovation-based competition backed by wide-ranging brand support. With the improvements Uniliver have been making to its business Uniliver are well prepared for these challenges. Faced with these challenges Uniliver will continue to focus on its long term strategic priorities of driving volume growth ahead of its markets whilst providing a steady improvement in underlying operating margin and strong cash flow.Uniliver are well placed, with an impressive presence in emerging markets, more than 75% of its business in either category leadership or number two positions, a portfolio of strong brands, an increasingly effective innovation programme and a dynamic new performance culture. These give us confidence that Unilever is fit to compete, whatever the circumstanc es. Principal risk factors Risks and uncertainties could cause actual results to vary from those described in forward-looking statements made within this document, or could impact on its ability to meet its targets or be detrimental to its profitability or reputation. The risks that Uniliver regard as the most relevant to its business are determine below.Uniliver have also commented on certain mitigating actions that Uniliver believe help us manage such risks however, Uniliver may not be successful in deploying some or all of these mitigating actions. 4. 11. 2 Where Uniliver will win Brands and innovation are at the heart of its business model. Uniliver aim to offer a broad portfolio those appeals to consumers with different needs and budgets. Unilever brands must also offer product quality that is recognized as superior by its consumers and supported by excellent marketing. Meanwhile, its innovation programme is focused on being bigger, better, fast. This means leveraging technol ogy to create bigger, better innovation platforms that are then rolled out faster to sevenfold markets.Its ambition is to win share and grow volume profitably across its categories and countries and Uniliver believe it has the tools in place to do so. Uniliver have a portfolio fit for growth, with strong brands and many leading category positions. Geographically, its outstanding presence in the emerging markets leaves us well positioned to win where much of the future growth will be. Yet, Uniliver is also determined to grow in the developed world, which represents around half of its business and where the bulk of the worlds wealth will remain for many years to come. The biggest opportunity for Unilever and its customers lies in growing the size of its categories, which Uniliver will strive to achieve through innovation and market development.Uniliver will further enhance and broaden its relationship with customers working together on areas of mutual benefit such as consumer resea rch, shopper behavior and merchandising. To sustain winning customer relationships and to enable growth, Uniliver will also need to be consistently brilliant at customer service and in-store execution. Uniliver will aim to reinforce its continuous improvement philosophical system by further developing a customer and consumer-led, agile value chain. Its focus will be in three areas. Uniliver will prioritise go and flexibility in the supply chain to deliver growth. Secondly Uniliver will Leverage its global network capabilities and scale more aggressively.Finally Uniliver will work to get a better return on its advertising and promotional expenditure one of its most significant areas of cost. It is vital that Uniliver have the talent and organization in place to match its growth ambition. Across the business, Uniliver are therefore looking ahead at what it needs to achieve, and aim to equip itself with the necessary people, skills and capabilities to get there. Uniliver also know t hat engagement and a culture based on living its values are essential for keeping the best people. Uniliver believe its operating model allows us to balance scale and global expertise to develop successful products with the local consumer intimacy needed to market and sell them. 4. 11. 3 How Uniliver will win Strategy With confidence in its ability to grow Uniliver launched a renewed, bold vision for the company to double its size while improving its environmental footprint. With its portfolio of brands, presence in emerging markets and long-standing commitment to shared value creation, Uniliver believe yits company is well placed to deliver on this ambition. Strategies are a. Winning with brands and innovation b. Growth priorities c. Winning in the market place d. Winning through continuous improvement e. Winning with people a. Winning with brands and innovation Superior products Its aim is to give people a great experience when they use its brands better than the competition.U niliver are investing in improving product quality and making stronger functional claims. Uniliver are also focusing on design, packaging, marketing and advertising, in order to get its brand benefits across more persuasively. Take Knorr Stockpot bouillon. Using a unique jellify technology that delivers homemade taste and quality, this product is helping people create a special meal at home instead of eating out. widespread appeal Product superiority is essential, but Uniliver also need to offer a broad range of choice which meets differing consumer needs and price points wherever Uniliver operate. Brands and innovation are at the heart of everything Uniliver do.Uniliver develop its products to keep pace with changes in consumer lifestyles and to appeal to people at all income levels. Success means getting bigger and better innovations into the market faster, supported by the very best marketing. In the UK, understanding that consumers are looking for value without compromising on quality, and recognizing the importance of essence in communicating a products benefits, Uniliver developed a range of liquid concentrates for Surf detergent with added essential oils, resulting in 29% growth. In Russia, despite a severe economic recession, Uniliver achieved growth of more than 20% in its tea sales by offering choice across multiple price points with three distinctive brands Lipton, Brooke Bond and Beseda. And in India, here water quality remains a major concern, the breakthrough technology of PureIt, its in-home purification system, is providing safe and affordable drinking water with complete protection from the water-borne germs that cause diseases. In 2009, Pureit provided safe drinking water for more than 15 million people in 3 million households in India. b. Growth priorities Bigger, better, faster innovations Successful innovation is based on deep consumer insight. The balance Uniliver seek to achieve is to marry global strength in RD with local knowledge o f peoples habits, tastes and behaviors. To grow at the rate Uniliver want to, its focus investment on products that can work globally rather than on launches in just a few countries.Uniliver have also doubled the number of big projects Uniliver are working on. Uniliver are already seeing results. Uniliver have rolled out Axe Dark Temptation deodorant to 56 markets, Lipton Pyramid fruit tea bags to 38 markets and Clear shampoo to 35 markets. For a product to work at a global level, it needs to address unmet needs with superior technology and a clear consumer concept. RD must deliver breakthrough science in areas that really matter to consumers, with products that do what they claim. Success on this scale requires strict priorities and big ideas. Within RD, part of prioritizing is getting the balance right between the short and the long term.With an eye to its future growth plans, during 2009 Uniliver developed a more robust process for fuelling its longer-term innovation pipeline. Ca lled the Genesis Programme, it spans its foods and home and personal care categories

Persuasive Study: Why We Vote Essay

the States has been the land of the free and the home of the brave since 1776. America has been free from the monarchy of Great Britain. Over 200 years later, American citizens still fight down for independence and to uphold a strong commonwealth. Voting is important in America because the opinions and the results of voters reflect Americas morals and ethic, and the right to vote is a privilege. Also, every vote counts. Because America has the opportunity to vote, the overall view of America is not formed of what she truly is, but what the citizens are. What a persons fibre is consists of what their values and beliefs are. When voting is accessible, those who do vote, vote for what represents them most accurately. If the voters dont vote, the only representation of this country is of those who did vote.America is one of the only countries that eat the freedom to vote with a democracy government in the world. Many countries do not have an option of whether or not they wish to vote . Monarchies or dictatorships, for example, have one ruler that enforces and makes all the laws and rules of that specific country the citizens do not have a say about what they think is wrong or right. Because America has the opportunity to vote, the privilege should be expressed as much as possible.With the dilemma of not all citizens voting, the democracy can be far from a success. Those citizens that do vote present strong patriotism. Although patriotism is a praised emotion, not all patriotic people have the same ideas for this country. For example, a recent debate is the problems with abortion. If majority of citizens that vote are not against abortion but a few others are against voting, they will lose all possibilities of opposing abortion plain because they gave up.Ever since 1776, America has been a democracy and a free country. Having a government that is a democracy, the right to vote accompanies it. Voting is crucial to the system of democracy for various reasons the l aws and representatives exemplify not only the government but the whole country, voting can be taken for granted and should be appreciated more, and if a citizen does not vote, they have no say in what happens in this country.

Prose Study Coursework Essay

In chapters 13 and 14 of the novel Treasure Island, through subprogram of different literary techniques such as animal imagery, similes, metaphors, assonance and many more, Stevenson achieves a sense of call as to what exit happen subsequent in the novel, dropping hints here and there. These chapters ar important because the crew of the Hispaniola, including Lon John silvery and Jim Hawkins, have just landed on the island, and are about to enclothe off in search off the buried treasure. We can even get a sense of foreboding from the island itself as it is seen to be gloomy and mysterious, and this does non bode well for the adventure ahead.We can find foreboding through the authors use of similes and metaphors in the chapters. Spires of naked rock, is a way of express the rocks are very tall and imposing, as well as exposed. This is scary as just reading the exerpt creates a dark atmosphere, and it paves the way for the future of the novel. This is achieved by use of dark colours, and naked implies that after Jim has escaped there is nowhere that he can hide, because everyone can see everything. This creates the effect on the lecturer of sadness, as they really emotional state for Jim, as he is trap on the island with those monsters.Jim excessively gives away hints towards the future events of Treasure Island when he says my heart sank when he realises what he has come ine in sneaking ashore with the pirates away from people he gos he can trust and this shows his disap topographic pointment. Jims downbeat mood portrays a perverting effect to the commentator, and they start to feel for Jim, as bad things obviously loom later in the novel, for instance, the planned mutiny of Long John Silver, and how if successful, Jim and his comrades will be doomed, and Jims capture by the pirates. The computer address hung over the anchorage is used to create a bad air and produce idolizeful images in your mind. Foreboding is shown because there is obvious ly a bad atmosphere on board, symbolising the planned mutiny of Long John Silver, and the sound hands on board are of course fretting over what to do.Clouds of birds conveys to the reader the image of a deep mass of birds, and when there is a lot of something, especially animals that are making lots of noise, can strike reverence in to people. This can give us an insight into what may happen later because birds are penny-pinching at sensing danger, and quickly fly away if anything unsettles them. If they are very disturbed and are hanging over the ship, then surely the mutiny must be destined to happen, and the crew must have to vitrine the wrath of Long John Silver.Through animal imagery we can get a sense of fear such as crawling on all fours when Jim is near Long John Silver and he is crouching when he has run away from Silver and does not want to be seen. This shows us what may happen later in the novel because it shows Jim is scared of Long John Silver and Silver is not re ally a very good person, and is mean bad things later in the novel. Agile as a monkey when used to come across Silver is showing him in a bad light, because he is deceiving everyone by hobbling around everywhere with his wooden leg, however, when he is out of view of the captain he is very quick and has lots of agility, which shows appearances can be unreal and this confirms to us that he is planning a mutiny and other evil-minded activities on the return leg of the journey, behind the other crew members backs.We can withal get a sense of foreboding by one of the good mens reactions when he is faced with Silver and does not to be complex in the mutiny. Like a horse at the spur shows the unconverted crew member faced with Long John is very startled by the scream, and he immediately suspects Long John Silver and wants to get away because he knows Long John is starting the process of whittling down the numbers of good men on board to make the future mutiny much easier.Through the quotation crouching trees, when Jim is lost in the woods, we get a sense that Jim is trapped and is enclosed by the trees which seem alive, which is a good example of personification. This creates a sense of what may happen in the future as everything so far-off has had a bad feeling about it, and it can only be a matter of time before something happens. Would not the first of them who saw me embrace my neck like a snipes? fright is created by the rhetorical question and the use of animal imagery, and we feel a sense of distress for Jims dire situation. It gives us a premonition that later in the novel if the pirates catch Jim he will be killed straight away.We can rewrite what will happen in the immediate future of the novel when Stevenson says Silverwas watching his companion like a snake about to spring. This shows Silver is a conniving, cunning creature, which will do anything to get the treasure, even kill one of his own. As well as this, in the bible, snakes are seen as evil, such as in the Garden of Eden, and people were very religious back then. Also, we now know that Tom will be killed sooner rather than later because snakes dont waste time, and once they have their target, they rarely fail, so this is a clever way of Robert Louis Stevenson building up to Long John Silver committing the murder.Fear imagery can be created using powerful adjectives and can as well give us a strong sense of foreboding, through colours used, and row commonly associated with fear. In grey melancholy woods, and wild stone spires, the words grey and melancholy are commonly associated with apprehension, and we get a view to future events because the island in the readers mind is terrifying and forbidding, and Jim has to endure this to escape capture, however, bad images are everywhere, provoking the reader to imagine terrible things happening to Jim on the isle, such as his eventual capture by the pirates, and his life threatening go through with Israel Hands, in whi ch, he is just successful. Through the citation the outline of the Spy-glass trembled through the haze, we get fear from trembled, because not only is it an imposing land mass, it also is surrounded by a mist, and appears to move.Jim knows he must pass close to this monster of a view if he is to succeed on his quest, and it means he has the evil, obsessed pirates on one side, and a sinister peak in front, he is certain to encounter them on his travels, and the chances are, face the consequences. Then one horrid, long-drawn scream is an example of fear imagery because you can imagine a high pitched scream, and the reader sees him or herself in Jims position, alone on a desert island, and is also scared. The assonance of the oo and a slows down the action and gets us to feel and imagine the scream. This shows foreboding because the allies of Jims and his alliance are being whittled down, and in the future there will be only a few remaining.The novel can also show us the imminent even ts through the use of assonance and consonance. Assonance (the repetition of vowels) is given in should I dare to go down to the boats among those fiends, stillness smoking from their crime? The way the o sound is repeated many times, and how the sentence flows off the tongue, gives a constant reminder throughout the sentence of the fear that Jim faces, and the decisions he is required to make. In the future, does Jim return to the pirates in hope of a return to the ship, but face Silvers wrath, or does he journey on into the sum of the island in hope of survival, and we know that in the end, the hero Jim ends up in both of these positions, but the reader does not know this and is left guessing. To demonstrate the use of assonance, the sentence what if I returned to the boats and the fiends, still shadowed by their crimes is nowhere near as potent, and creates only a pinch of the fear found in Stevensons actual work. Assonance is also found in a very obvious place. The o sound is repeated in Long John, which is terrifying, as we know he is a main character who is also very evil, and it will be a constant reminder through the future of the novel as to his plans and his traits and the threat he poses.Consonance (the repetition of consonants) can also be found frequently in chapters 13 and 14 and can show us foreboding. In only the rustle of the redescending birds and the boom of the distant surges disturbed the languor of the afternoon, the repetition of r gives the section of text a fear effect along with the good adjectives, because overall, it is speeded up, and creates more of a fast paced action. Also, the atmosphere is affected by the use of onomatopoeia in rustle and boom.Again, an insight is achieved as through the use of effective adjectives and consonance, we see that not all is well on Skeleton Island. Skeleton Island itself suggests fear, as skeletons are a symbol of death and forbidding, and you would be wise to point away from them. Combining fe ar adjectives with consonance is also found in a smell ofrotting tree trunks. The use of an ellipsis shows that Jim is mooting and he must recognise the smell from somewhere before. The repetition of r along with rotting creates a sense of fear of the trees, and this is also alliteration, and Jim and the reader begin to think that the island and everything on it must be similar to the experiences here.Through repetition, Stevenson achieves fear, and allows the reader to generate a better image in their mind, as well as emphasising his point further. Of all the gloomy features of that gloomy afternoon, is an example of this. When the author/Jim repeats gloomy, it repeats the fact that the place is gloomy, which is an adjective commonly associated with darkness and fear, so it is stressing that everything is not going well. There is also time left in the day, and other bad things may happen, for instance, Jim running into a trap set by Long John Silver, or the good side being forced out of the stockade by the pirates, and this could just be the beginning. As well as all these things, the repetitions also create a sense of dj vu, and that people are going round in circles and they are lost, and all for the treasure, which is the main focus of the novel.Another literary technique that the author uses is alliteration. The sun still shining mercilessly. This is personification, and the consecutive letter s at the start of each word, along with an adjective that is connected with fear and evil created the illustration of the sun being evil, all seeing, and it seems to have deserted the good side, and just seems to be causing more heartache, as they lose the stockade, and the pirates get on the trail of the buried treasure.The overall theme of the chapters generates a sense of foreboding just by itself, because they are to do with pirates and a treasure hunt, and everyone knows that this kind of invention is almost certain to have twists and turns later. I also thin k Jim how Jim goes off by himself into the forest shows he is developing from a boy into a wear young man.Through the use of colours in his writing, Stevenson also creates both a sense of fear and foreboding. Long John Silver is an example of this because Silver is a shade of grey, which is a colour associated with grim things and fear, and it shows foreboding because, if a person is named like this, he must be a character that is planning, or will partake in evil things at some point in the novel. The author also uses black I black conscience to describe Lon g John, as he can kill all these people, and not have them on his mind for the rest of his life, and not feel guilty.In conclusion, I think that the literary techniques used in chapters 13 and 14, are very effective in showing how, or giving hints as to how events may pass around in the latter stages of the novel, as they get closer to the treasure and the race hots up. As I have shown earlier I in my essay, Robert Louis Stev enson uses a big(p) variety of different methods to get his points across, and he is very clever in using some techniques and how they foreshadow events easy to find, however, some you have to search for, and crush your brain to understand how they show foreboding, such as the use of assonance and alliteration.Example, should I dare to go down to the boats among those fiends, still smoking from their crime? Yes, the polished adjectives help create fear which in turn introduces foreboding, but I had to search for it. My final verdict is that Robert Louis Stevenson is an immensely clever writer, and the way he gets the reader to think is amazing, and through close language analysis, we can see that chapters 13 and 14 are very clear in predicting character development and how events will pan out in the novel.

Link Crew Portfolio Essay

Unit 1 Getting to discern your chump nines 1. I am fortunate to support gotten to know and to engage been able-bodied to mentor all my grade nine- touch on schoolchilds, I nourish gotten to know that all of them are special and talented in their own demeanors. The grade nine- linkup student that I lead be profiling is whiz of those m any(prenominal) I remember the prototypic prison term I met this grade nine and how crazy she was to be starting high school and unlike all the other grade nines we had who all looked nervous she looked picturey and energized for what was waiting ahead of her. I also remember that on the first day of high school she had her career plan already set, she precious to be a veterinarian and she also knew what university she wanted to attend and what school courses up to grade twelve she had to take. I was so impressed with her beca put on I remember my first day of high school I was a nervous wreck who did not want to meet any new people or go out my comfort zone.This link student would always come to me if she had any questions about school and closely definitively, she always wanted to know when our next link AFU was, this always made me happy because I knew that she was concerned in what we (my link partner and I) had to say. This link students learning style would claim to be visual, I say this because back during the first day of school we had a discussion on books, more specifically the Hunger Games since I notice that she had a Hunger game necklace after mentioning that she told me that she had read the Hunger Games 64 times already. Sixty four times is a lot of times to read one book and that is quite impressive for a young girl, the thing that makes her a visual learner though is right after she said that she told that she had to read that much times in order to figure it and memorize it since it was her favourite book.I also say she is a visual learner because every time we would give out examples during ou r AFU she would always ask us to write it down or show her an example so she could visually cover it. I would also say that she is linguistic due to the example assumption above about her reading a book 64 times , she is also very outspoken and she is able to portray her odouring and thoughts through diction and speaking. For her socio-economic background, I would have to say that in my perspective she has a stable socio-economic background and that she has never once come to me about socio-economic problems, or have I ever heard anyone once say that she has socio-economic issues. Since my grade nine student is actually outspoken she is some(a)times portrayed from her peers as very talkative, and just from my link throng I could see that some of my link students get annoyed of her because she likes to answer her questions in detail, which is a good thing.I look that people croupet really get to know her well because they make rash decisions based on their first ikon and to some people their first impression of her is sometimes negative. The negative impression from others rather sets back her social development but other than that, her mental health seems to be fine. There isnt really a huge problem with her physical health as well, and this allows her to be very energetic and spirited. most appropriate future goals would for this link student would be to be more aware of other people thoughts, and to take into consideration other peoples opinions.This hinders my grade nine from getting to really pull in other people, and to see where others whitethorn be approach shot from, and this limits her social interactions with her peers. In addition, it is sometimes rocky for my grade nine to communicate with her teachers as well. Even though she has a lot of time ahead of her if she could improve on this, she would be both socially and academically ready to face all of high school.2. For me in person a good example where school or community services help ed students overcome barriers to learning would have to be my story of overcoming my barrier to learning a new language. Growing up I was never the brightest person, I had difficulties learning in elementary school. When I first arrived to Canada, I knew nothing and to make matters worsened it was difficult for me to get new concepts, such as a new language. Therefore when I finished first grade my mom decided to have me held back and put together back in to grade one again. I was sad at first because I wanted to be in the comparable grade as my friends but whence I was put into ESL, why they didnt put me into ESL my first year I have no idea. after(prenominal) I was put into ESL though I could see myself continuously improving and the thing I liked most about it was that I never snarl any pressure from my ESL teacher, and I was able to learn at my own pace. It became gradually noticeable that I was improving and after a year or so, I did not involve ESL anymore. Soon followin g that, I was able to go back to my original grade because ESL helped me achieve and overcome my barriers to learning.3. A signifi dopet mentorship interaction betwixt my link shavers and me would be the time I helped one of my link kids have a better communication with one of her teachers. My link kid was having get to understanding one of her teachers and the way I figured this out was that one day during lunch while I was talking to one of my friends in the cafeteria I noticed my link kid sitting at one of the tables. I went up to her to say hi but then I noticed that she was looking gloom and my link is always a happy cheerful person and full of spirit. I became curious and so I asked her if she was okay. I could see she was resistant at first to tell me what was troubling her, but after a brief jiffy or two, she started to percipient up and tell me how she was having trouble understanding one of her teachers, and how the teacher was always yelling at her for reasons she d idnt understand.She went on to tell me how she tries her best to do everything her teacher asks of her to do, put even then her teacher still picks on her. After listening to her story I decided to tell her about the miscommunication I had with one of my teachers when I was in ninth grade. I told her how I also didnt understand where my teacher was coming from and how I would blame this teacher for my mistakes. Right after I said that though I added that it wasnt really the teachers fault and the it was my fault due to the fact that I didnt efficiently communicate with my teacher and that I never went up to inform my teacher whenever a problem arose.I also added that I never gave my teacher the opportunity to understand where I was coming from and so it was difficult for us both. After hearing this my link student knew that she had to go and talk to her teacher in order for them to have an effective communication and then thither would be no misunderstanding. A week later, my link student came up to me to thank me, and she said that her teacher and she were getting along better now, now that on that point was better communication.Unit 2 Personal Profile1. Learning styles My learning style would be intrapersonal and linguistic learning styles. I am able to feel energized and charged when I am alone, I also think better and I am able to understand new concepts better when I am alone and in a quiet place. I also like to write down a lot of my thoughts and new ideas that come to me, and I feel that it is easier for me to express myself by using language and writing then by talking. Interpersonal skills Even though I am intrapersonal, I have a pretty good ability of listening and understanding others.In most cases, I am able to know where most people are coming from, clearly listen to other peoples problems, and understand their situation in order for me to come up with a solution for them. I can also notice most people emotions by their tone and or posture. Team work skills Some teamwork skills I have are my ability to help others solve any problems they may have, my ability to share my ideas with my team, and my ability to effectively participate with my team. Management skills I have good team commission skills I am able to effectively and efficiently work in a team and victoryfully accomplishment whatever it is that needs to be done in a team. I am also able to follow instructions and give out instructions when it needs be.2. Given my personal profile, one area of improvement would have to be my personal management skills more importantly my time management and stress management skills. I have difficulties having the ability to recognize and solve time management problems. I am a huge procrastinator and it usually works for me, but I can fell the stress it has on me specially during my grade twelve year. In addition, I have difficulties managing my stress because when everything piles up I start to panic and make stuff more difficult than it has to be.3. My personal strengths will help me achieve my futures goals by allowing me to excel in group collaborations and perhaps excel in things like research since I do like to research and this allows me to work on my own and to work with others. It will also help me get jobs and all the skills listed above would be excellent to put on my resume.Unit 3 Management1. An example of miscommunication or a challenge communicating in link crew was during the first day that we were compete the Win as Much as You Can game. I remember we were confused as to how to play the game and like every other group we wanted the most points. Olivia caught on to the meaning of the game though early on and she started to tell us that it wasnt really about getting the most points as individuals but as a whole team. I remember we didnt really listen to her though and most of us were just interested in manipulating our way to winning.After a while though we decided to take Olivias advice and p ick the Y hoping everyone else also picked the Y, unfortunately no one else pick the Y and we ended up losing more points and since we were already behind we dropped Olivias idea once again and we started thinking about ourselves once more. In the end, our miscommunication was so bad that Olivia ended up tearing the X so everyone was able to see that we were supposed to be picking the Y from the scratch. This is basically the scarce example of miscommunication I have had in Link Crew. Some strategies that could have been utilized to communicate more effectively would probably be for the people in our group to have received and correctly understood Olivias message, and for Olivia to have been clear and concise about the message she was sending us.Our group in the beginning had the mindset of winning the most points and so we were not able to clearly hear Olivias message and Olivia wanted to play the game the right way and for everyone to win so she wasnt able to send out her messag e clearly and because of that the game became very jumbled and confusing. In addition, we should have been more open to Olivias point of view because she was right and we werent able to see until the end.2. A conflict that occurred within my link group would have to be during our second AFU. During my second AFU my partner and I were partnered up with another partner as we do for every AFU, the problem with this AFU collaboration and what made it different than the others was that my partner was having some sort of conflict with one of the people in the other group that we were collaborating with. I wouldnt say conflict actually more like they did have a conflict and were now at odds with one another and so once we were told that we were partnered up with the other group, my partner told me right away that I would have to stay with her during the whole AFU. What ended up happening was that my partner and I in some ways separated from the other group.Due to that, I had to make a choi ce of either helping the other group out and effectively contributing to the AFU as a whole, or being beside my link partner so that there were no awkward interactions between her and the person in the other group. Even though there were no awkward interaction, between them two, the whole AFU was just awkward and it did not go at all as we planned it to. A better way to have approached this situation was to have had both my partner and the other person from our collaborating group talk out their problems before the AFU so that their dispute or awkwardness or whatever it may have been would not affect the AFU as a whole . Also another way that I personally could have approached this differently would have been to use the I feel stamen that was thought in class during effective communication. By using this I would have been able to effectively and concisely state my feelings and with that things talent have gone better.Action Plan for post- subsidiary destinationI will first need to improve on my time management and organisational skills. I will improve on this by 1. Making a personal calendar that will allow me to record everything I have do, this will allow me to plan each day and by doing this I will be able to have more control over my time and be less stressed. 2. I will need to prioritize my time to ensure that I send my time and energy on the things that are truly important to me. This will also allow me to have stress relievrs during post-secondary and I will need many of those. 3. I will need to say no to ensuant tasks I have tendency to take on more than I can handle and then crash because of all the workload. I will need to consider my goals and schedule before agreeing to take on additional work4. I will also probably take a time management course during the summer to enhance my time management skills. There are also many time management courses offered in post-secondary schools so I ability take them as well. 5. I will also need to limit distrac tions this is one of the main reasons for my procrastinations and I am a person who gets distracted easily. Some other strategies and goals that dont involve time management and or organizational skills but will help me in my transition to post secondary would be 1. Good sleep, exercise, and eating habits, this will help me be healthier and feel good about myself. This will also improve my focus and dumbness which will be a huge advantage during my post secondary years. 2. Stop making things more complicated than they should be I have a complicated way of making things complicated. If I could stop this my life, not just my transition to post secondary environment will be a success